Survey of Consensus Algorithms for Proof of Stake in Blockchain

As the core of blockchain technology, consensus algorithm directly affects security, stability, and decentralisation numerous other important characteristics. Choosing an appropriate for different scenarios is currently a challenge in implementation applications. This paper classifies improvement schemes proof stake (PoS) into three categories: PoS-based algorithms, PoS- PoW-based BFT-based algorithms. First, study introduces PoS variants then summarises ideas, effects, advantages, disadvantages these Subsequently, performances improved algorithms are compared. Finally, main methods summarised, most common network security attacks discussed. The lays foundation directions future, hoping to provide reference researchers help them select design application while also helping evolution